Autonomous systems are machines, vehicles, or networks capable of performing tasks and making decisions without direct human intervention. Using advanced technologies like artificial intelligence, sensors, and data analysis, these systems can perceive their environment, process information, and act independently to achieve specific goals. Examples include self-driving cars, drones, and automated cybersecurity defenses. While autonomous systems offer increased efficiency and can operate in environments that may be hazardous to humans, they also raise important considerations around safety, security, and ethical use.